With the revival of the global tourism boom and the rapid development of the integrated media wave, various social platforms have propelled the advocacy of visual imagery and dissemination to new hights, with “travel photography services” quietly evolving into a standard experience for contemporary young people during their journeys. These services not only satisfy young travelers’ desire to record and share travel moments but also reshape the way tourism consumption and cultural expression interact in the digital age. China’s photography service industry has gently become an efficient “assembly-line” operational model, which is exerting a subtle yet profound influence on Japan and other regions, thereby driving a global cross-cultural transformation. This paper adopts a comparative research methodology to conduct the study and draw corresponding conclusions. These findings are expected to offer profound implications and valuable insights for the subsequent development of China's photography service industry, as well as for the cross-cultural dissemination and global expansion of China's "assembly-line portrait photography" mod-el.

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This paper mainly discusses compatibilism about free will and determinism in language usage. In order to demonstrate the compatibility of free will with determinism, it first focuses on Hume's perspective and classical compatibilism, examining the distinctions and similarities between these two ideas. Second, the topic of language use is covered in greater detail. Finally, it is concluded that people's choice of language in a given setting is influenced by both free will and determinism, and compatibility in language use is demonstrated. It then connects to ethical concerns in AI's work, emphasizing that since AI lacks free will while producing work by copying writing samples, copyright belongs to humans rather than AI. AI may potentially reinforce human prejudices, such as gender stereotypes reinforced by training data. Finally, it clarifies ethical guideline when human use AI. Because Al's job is entirely determined by human order and training data, it lacks the free will to make decisions. As a result, they are neither accountable for or entitled to their copied work. Furthermore, due to social prejudice and the data it consumes, AI unintentionally reinforces stereotypes, particularly in the area of gender. To standardize AI use, we must follow moral norms: guard against bias provided by descriptions of AI, clarify the copyright problems, and improve equality cognitions.

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This paper explores Hong Kong identity during colonialism by applying Homi Bhabha’s postcolonial theories to Richard Mason’s novel “The World of Suzie Wong.” The main character, Suzie, is reduced to a fixed stereotype who satisfies the Occident's craving for familiar yet subservient difference by using Baha's fixity, stereotype, and mimicry as the investigative lens. Suzie becomes a metonymic fragment that represents Hong Kong identity as reducible and consumable, with the highly sexualized and infantilized caricature serving as a fetish for the Occidental ego. Then, in order to avoid losing conditional acceptance and protection, she is forced to conform to Western ideals of domesticity through imitation. However, experienced reality brings conflicts and instability that are incompatible with Orientalist ideals, therefore the fanciful Orientalist vision is short-lived. Suzie falls into splitting and ambivalence when she can't live up to the oxymoronic binaries that the Occident expects. Such structural instability attests to how the imposed identity of Hong Kong under colonial rule is neither unified nor sustainable, revealing colonial identity formation as a fragile construct that collapses under lived experience rather than an authentic or viable mode of selfhood.

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Theoretical approach of the external constraints that the North Macedonia meets in its path to the EU accession from the perspective of national identity construction for recognition, as the name dispute with Greece and Bulgaria about the country’s name, language and historical-territorial claims is of great interest. Qualitative case analysis and “symbolic threat” theory from social psychology as a core analytical framework, in this study, will be systematically analyzed and explored the “symbolic threat” mechanism and identity politics in these two cases. The research results show that the national names, language and territory are not only the basic content of national identity, but also the space for contesting power and history in international politics, and have a significant impact on the process of North Macedonia's European integration. This study explores how symbolic threat affects the EU accession process in national identity conflicts and reveals the impact of national identity on international political decision-making and national destiny.

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