With the advancement of artificial intelligence and natural language processing technologies, the automated writing evaluation system (AWE) has gradually been integrated into English as a Second Language (ESL) writing instruction and has gained potential value for enhancing feedback efficiency and supporting writing revision. However, there are still some disputes over their instructional effectiveness and the boundaries of their application. This study analyzes the pedagogical value and limitations of AWE in ESL writing instruction through reviews of empirical studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses published in the past 20 years. The findings show that AWE has a relatively stable positive effect on improving surface-level linguistic features such as grammar, spelling, and punctuation, and can sustain several rounds of modification and to a certain degree, improve learners' motivation and autonomy in writing. However, it is still unknown whether it is valid and stable enough to assess higher-order writing abilities such as writing content development, argumentation logic and appropriateness. This study argues that AWE should be viewed as a supplementary tool to provide formative assessments, functioning effectively in instructional models and human–AI collaboration. The findings of this study may provide pedagogical implications for the rational integration of AWE tools into ESL writing classrooms, offering directions for future research in this field.

This article introduces the concept of "blurring-boundary" to illustrate the ways Nestorianism adopted in Tang Dynasty to secure legal recognition and to conduct its localization within Chinese society. Through an analysis of the Nestorian Stele and the Zhixuan Anle Sutra, this paper demonstrates how Nestorianism expressed Christian doctrine by drawing on the linguistic structures and cosmological terms of Buddhism and Taoism, thereby gaining acceptance in the ideological system within Tang China. Unlike Buddhism's broad popular base and Islam's community-based mode for communication, Nestorianism adopted elite-targeted communication strategies aimed at the imperial and scholar-officialdom, emphasizing political obedience, metaphysical compatibility, and linguistic adaptation in its attempt to participate in the royal network dominated by Buddhism. Through comparative religious and political discourse analysis, this paper highlights a distinctly "non-confrontational" mode of religious adaptation that offers a new perspective on the mechanism of coexistence within dominant cultural systems.While this paper mainly focuses on textual strategies rather than practical networks, it aims to provide theoretical reference for future research on religious transmission and cultural boundary.

Against the backdrop of cultural revival and the rapid development of new media technologies, the cultural connotations of the intangible cultural heritage "Fuzhou Jasmine Tea Scenting Process" face the problem of inappropriate extraction and over-consumption by capital through cultural labeling, leading to cognitive dilemmas among adolescents. This study analyzes the internal logic of the transformation of this intangible cultural heritage tea-making technique from cultural capital to economic capital, based on David Throsby and Pierre Bourdieu's theory of cultural capital. Finally, this paper explores the reasons why cultural labels hurt adolescents during the dissemination process, using Lasswell's 5W communication model. The study found that businesses, based on the tangible and intangible cultural value of intangible cultural heritage, simplify core terms such as "scenting" into cultural labels for commercial operations. This distorted cultural concept is disseminated to adolescents through digital channels such as milk tea ordering mini-programs, leading to conceptual ambiguity, product misjudgment, or a complete lack of understanding of the scenting process among this group. Based on the above issues, this article suggests strengthening cooperation between industrial and commercial administration departments and cultural departments, and incorporating cultural heritage-related courses into the education stage to avoid deviations in the dissemination of traditional culture.

Traditional comprehensive art museums tend to overemphasize paintings while neglecting sculptures, reflecting an imbalance in contemporary exhibition ecosystems. Existing research tends to attribute this phenomenon to singular factors, failing to systematically integrate multiple influences including audience psychology, exhibit characteristics, spatial design, and socio-cultural contexts. This study systematically investigates the complex causes of this phenomenon and proposes a scientific exhibition strategy centered on sculptures. A mixed-method approach combining participant observation, questionnaire surveys, and literature reviews is adopted to conduct a comprehensive analysis of audience behavior, preferences, and exhibition environments. The findings reveal that audience neglect results from economic choices in attention allocation, inherent visual disadvantages of sculptures, optimized exhibition space designs for paintings, and the combined influence of popular culture and social media trends. This phenomenon stems not from insufficient artistic value of sculptures, but from mismatches in exhibition systems and viewing paradigms. The key to reform lies in reconstructing spatial narratives, transforming curatorial conventions, and establishing a "scientific attraction strategy" centered on sculptures' three-dimensional characteristics. This requires shifting from passive display to active engagement through coordinated environmental design, multisensory technology integration, and educational communication to foster deeper dialogue between sculptures and audiences.

To explore the symbolic meaning of the Five Phases theory within traditional Chinese thought, this paper takes it as a signifier system that is restructured to reflect a semiotic meaning of natural phenomena. The Five Phases is used in a Lacanian epistemological paradigm, where the anchored signifier produces new signifiers in the form of particular situations, and the provisional meaning in the form of the differentiations between signifiers. These relations permit the signifiers to gain temporal stability, and to create an articulated chain of signifying instead of being attached to already established referents. To further elaborate on the Lacanian structuralist theory, the paper examines how the Five Phases act as signifiers in an active signifying chain, with the crucial point being that meaning is created through the differentiation of relationality and not the one-to-one representation. It then discusses the dynamic forms of interplay between the Five Phases, as well as the inherent variety to which the Yin-Yang principle has brought, to show how these relational processes maintain the openness of the system as well as the productive power of the system. It is through this structure that the Five Phases serves as a meta-symbolic system that is capable of correlating to a variety of features of the world and, in the process, constantly producing newer sets of meanings without draining the symbolic system itself.

Against the backdrop of a "cold reality, hot virtual reality" situation—the deep development of the digital entertainment industry and the shifting social and family dynamics—domestic otome games have transformed from mere emotional consumer goods into an important arena for contemporary women to construct their identities and hedge risks. This study takes domestic otome game players as its research subjects, adopting a post-feminist perspective to explore how players reclaim their individual subjectivity within an industrialized romantic narrative through a set of "intellectual" strategies. The study employs questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews. Through thematic analysis of 135 valid questionnaires and interview texts with 15 in-depth players, it was found that players are not the "daydreamers" who cannot distinguish between reality and fiction, as traditionally assumed in academia, but rather highly proactive actors. The results show that players use intellectual strategies to gain psychological empowerment within a virtual ideal self, and through the domain established by community connections, they transform emotional premiums into real-world survival skills through fan labor. The conclusion indicates that the behavioral practices of otome game players are essentially strategic risk avoidance and cognitive training implemented in virtual space under the guise of consumerism, completing a subjectivity reshaping from passive audience to active practitioner. This research fills a gap in existing research regarding the logic of player agency in reality.

The study places the filmB for Busy(2021) in the modern urban culture of China. The study looks at how post‑feminist ideas appear in that setting. The study mixes film review with academic work. The study says the filmB for Busyshows a post‑feminist feeling that does not push politics. The study says that feeling comes from middle‑class taste. When the general public watches the filmB for Busythey see the city life backdrop and the middle‑class style. The public notices the filmB for Busykeeps the post‑feminist vibe gentle and depoliticized. This filmB for Busyreflects a middle‑class taste that shapes the post‑feminist feeling. The film shows subjectivity through personal choice. The film also points out limits. The limits include class blindness, commercial pressure and women being left out.This article says that modern Chinese feminism is at a point. Modern Chinese feminism moves from advocacy to personal consumer focused engagement. That shift creates a range where the mainstream commercial deals sit alongside resistance.

Cross-cultural teaching has garnered widespread attention in English-speaking countries such as the UK and the US, gradually becoming a key issue in educational reform and curriculum development. However, a gap persists between the concept and implementation of cross-cultural teaching in practical teaching practices. Through literature analysis and comparative research, this paper systematically examines the primary measures taken by English-speaking countries in cross-cultural teaching and the real-world challenges they face. The study finds that both the UK and the US have made varying degrees of effort in advancing cross-cultural education, including strengthening teachers' cross-cultural awareness, integrating cross-cultural concepts into curricula, and developing culturally responsive teaching resources. However, shortcomings such as insufficient cultural content exploration and uneven professional support for teachers remain. Based on these findings, the paper proposes that cross-cultural education should further prioritize the systematic cultivation of teachers' cultural sensitivity, deeply present cultural core values in curriculum design, and promote the sustainable development and continuous improvement of cross-cultural teaching by establishing a platform for sharing diverse cultural resources.

Against the backdrop of the deep integration of digital transformation in education and the Rural Revitalization Strategy, digital technologies are playing an increasingly important role in rural primary school education. By breaking geographical barriers to educational resources, adapting to students' individual differences, building professional development platforms for teachers, and innovating teaching evaluation mechanisms, digital technologies provide a new multi-dimensional and collaborative approach to Chinese language teaching in rural primary schools. This approach effectively responds to long-standing problems, including insufficient educational resources, a weak teaching faculty, and rigid teaching methods. Based on the current development status of rural education and the characteristics of Chinese language teaching in primary schools, and combined with the application practices of digital technologies in the field of education, this paper analyzes the practical value and core advantages of digital empowerment for Chinese language teaching in rural primary schools. It constructs optimization paths from four dimensions, namely resource supply, teaching implementation, teacher development and evaluation system, and puts forward targeted innovative strategies, aiming to provide practical references for promoting the high-quality development of Chinese language teaching in rural primary schools and advancing educational equity.

Animation, as a globally recognized art form, assigns color a pivotal role in emotional expression. Western and Japanese animations are two major global paradigms with clear differences in color utilization. It adopts a comparative case study approach, taking Disney's Zootopia and Studio Ghibli's Spirited Away as primary case studies. The research focuses on how color psychology and cultural contexts influence color application. The findings reveal that Western animation, exemplified by Zootopia, uses vivid, high-contrast colors to achieve direct emotional resonance, reflecting an outward cultural style. In contrast, Japanese animation, typified by Spirited Away, prefers soft, delicate tones to convey subtle and intricate feelings, rooted in traditional aesthetics. This study concludes that color in animation is a cultural language, and understanding such differences is of great significance for global animation creation and appreciation.