The United States, as an important immigrant country, was one of the most significant destinations in the wave of immigration in the early 19th century and witnessed numerous complex interactions between government policy and the immigrant community. This paper mainly focuses on the relationship of Italian immigrants and U.S. policies, showing how political decisions and societal attitudes affect the Italian American community, and are simultaneously reshaped by Italian immigration. The study focuses on using the historical document and case analysis to trace the development from the late 19th century to the early 20th century Italian immigration in the United States. The discoveries reveal that the Immigration Acts have hindered the mobility of Italian immigrations, and the Emergency Quota Act brought assimilative pressure to the Italian American community, while Italian Americans play a crucial role in influencing the policy changes by community organizing, political participation, and so on. The study proves the bidirectional relationship between immigration communities and political policies, providing experience and lessons for contemporary Latino and Asian immigrants.

This study takes the issue of worker suicide in the context of industrialization as its focus, noting that while industrial society improved living standards, it also intensified labor pressure, transformed social structures, and deepened alienation, thereby heightening suicide risks. The purpose of this paper is to examine how industrialization influences worker suicide through labor conditions and social structure, and to analyze why suicide rates differ across countries and institutional environments. The research adopts a literature review and cross-national comparative case analysis, drawing on Durkheim’s theory of anomie and Marx’s critique of alienated labor, and integrating case studies from Europe, Japan, China, and Northern Europe to construct a cross-national and historical sociological framework. Findings reveal that deteriorating working conditions, fractured social relations, economic instability, and insufficient social protection place workers in high-risk situations, while experiences from Nordic welfare states show that robust security systems and trade union support can mitigate negative effects. Thus, industrialization does not inevitably increase worker suicide, as outcomes largely depend on institutional arrangements and the degree of social integration. The study’s limitation lies in its reliance on literature and case analysis without large-scale quantitative data, yet its cross-national and historical framework provides a new perspective for future research and offers scholarly reference for improving workers’ living conditions and designing social policies.

This paper examines how John Keats’s odes grapple with the paradox of beauty’s permanent life’s impermanence, arguing that his poetry does not resolve this tension, but instead makes it central to his aesthetic vision. Through close readings of Ode on a Grecian Urn and Ode to a Nightingale, this paper explores how Keats constructs beauty as something immortal yet emotionally inaccessible preserved in perfect form but severed from fulfillment. Drawing on theoretical frameworks such as Elaine Scarry's concept of "deferred consummation" and Keats' own concept of "negative capability," the research demonstrates how Keats stages desire as a condition of suspension rather than resolution. Comparisons with Wordsworth's Tintern Abbey and Shelley's Ode to the West Wind illustrate Keats' different approach: although his contemporaries seek permanence through memory or transformation, Keats strives to preserve beauty at its height, even if this separates it from life. Finally, the article argues that Keats' greatness rests not in transcending transience, but in immortalising the anguish it leaves behind—transforming the boundaries of form into a lyrical space of desire.

The Mosuo people, an ethnic group living in the border areas of Yunnan and Sichuan in China, are often regarded as a living fossil of matrilineal society. Unlike patriarchal family structures, the Mosuo maintain a unique matrilineal system in which women occupy a central position within the household. Their distinctive economic model and social customs reflect this cultural feature. This study examines the economic organization of Mosuo matrilineal families from three perspectives: economic activities, family structure, and social customs. In terms of economic practices, the research focuses on three primary livelihoods—boating on the lake, land leasing, and operating family guesthouses. Regarding family structure, attention is given to the role of the mother as the core figure responsible for household affairs and financial management, as well as the role of maternal uncles in the education and upbringing of children. The findings show that Mosuo matrilineal families have developed unique economic patterns, familial arrangements, and traditional customs. In the realm of social customs, the Mosuo people’s festivals and rituals, clothing culture, views on life and death, and the distinctive “walking marriage” (tisese) system are all closely intertwined with their matrilineal family structure. This study concludes that the Mosuo matrilineal family demonstrates both the continuity of traditional culture and a remarkable adaptability to the conditions of modern society, providing a valuable example for exploring diverse forms of family organization and cultural inheritance.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) presents challenges in social communication and interaction. While drama therapy (DT) shows promise as an intervention, there is a lack of empirically validated culturally adapted programs, particularly in China, and the inclusion of individuals with language impairments. This study proposes to evaluate the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a 12-week plot-based improvisational drama therapy intervention for Chinese autistic children. Grounded in the classic Kunqu opera “The Peony Pavilion” and adapting principles from the Hunter Heartbeat Method, this intervention aims to improve social interaction, facial/emotion recognition, and language skills. A quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test design will compare 9 autistic children (1 female, 8 males, aged 10 to 15) participating in the DT intervention at a specialized school in Shanghai with 9 autistic children (1 female, 8 males, aged 12 to 14) participating in a Hulusi (gourd flute) music class as an active control group. Standardized measures and observational data assessed changes in social interaction, facial recognition, verbal/nonverbal language, and emotion sensitivity. Results show that the total CARS score reduction is significantly greater in the experimental group (t(52) = -3.292, p = 0.002), indicating that participants in the drama therapy group demonstrated significantly greater improvements compared to participants in the Hulusi control group. Specifically, the drama therapy group shows significant improvement in imitation, emotional response, and verbal/nonverbal communication skills. These findings provide preliminary evidence that this culturally adapted drama therapy intervention is an effective method for reducing core symptoms of autism in children.

With the vigorous development of the wave of educational digitalization, this study focuses on the epochal imperative of digitally transforming ideological and political educationand conducts a comprehensive exploration on the role reshaping of educational subjects. Starting from three dimensions—technology deployment, relationship orchestration, and arena construction—it clarifies the new role requirements for educational subjects in the context of transformation: educators need to achieve role leaps from "ideological gatekeepers" to "maestros of digital technologies", from "educational relationship constructors" to "coordinators of human–machine relations", and from "practice activity leaders" to "designers of virtual arenas".On this basis, the study further investigates critical issues in the process of role reshaping, which are manifested in the internal contradiction between technological empowerment and value alienation, the role identity crisis caused by the alienation of inter-subjectivity, and the practical obstacles resulting from the mismatch between digital literacy and transformation needs. To address the above dilemmas, feasible paths for role reshaping are proposed: consolidating the value foundation through algorithm value embedding and digital content review mechanisms; regulating human-machine relationships by leveraging educators' subjectivity leadership, integrating value rationality, and supplementing with humanistic interaction; and enhancing educators' capabilities by systematic training in technology mastery, human-machine collaboration, and risk response. This research provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the continuous advancement of the digital transformation of ideological and political education.

Declining fertility rates among immigrant women, particularly first-generation Chinese immigrant women, are closely tied to intersecting structural and psychological challenges, including limited healthcare access, fragmented social support, and cultural barriers. To address these multidimensional issues, this study introduces the F-A-X Pathway, an integrated framework that aligns Feminist Art Therapy (FAT), Arts-Based Participatory Action Research (AB-PAR), and Extended Reality (XR). Adopting a critical and pragmatic paradigm, the research employed a mixed-methods approach combining digital health interventions and online co-creation workshops. Data collection included surveys, longitudinal follow-ups, interviews, and multimodal interaction analysis, enabling both quantitative and qualitative evaluation of usability, adherence, and psychosocial outcomes. Findings demonstrate that the F-A-X Pathway enhances physical rehabilitation, facilitates psychological healing, and fosters subjectivity reconstruction. Moreover, collective co-creation processes amplified peer support, promoted group empowerment, and generated alternative discourses that challenge structural oppression. The study not only advances the digital transformation of art therapy but also offers a transferable and culturally adaptive framework for marginalized maternal populations in cross-cultural contexts.

Albert Camus' "The Outsider" and Dazai Osamu's "No Longer Human", as literary works of the 1940s, vividly reflect the differences in philosophical concepts between Asia and Europe. Both works depict the survival status, behavioral patterns, and personal thoughts of the protagonists in the stories from the first-person perspective, exploring the individual's resistance against the absurd world from the perspective of European existentialism. And the decline of the individual in the process of integrating with the world under the Japanese Mono aware aesthetics and nihilism. Murso's insistence on self-existence and Yozo's nihilism after reconciliation with the world offer profound reflections on how cultural backgrounds shape the qualities of human thought, making these works classics in literary history. Through them, we can learn about the cultural roots of different regions in the 1940s. They also provide assistance for humanity to find more solutions in the face of the predicament of modernity.

Gender stereotypes have long shaped the way people dress and how the fashion industry operates, limiting individual expression and reinforcing the gender binary. This paper explores how designers and cultural figures have challenged such stereotypes and opened space for new forms of identity in fashion. Using a comparative historical approach, it examines Coco Chanel’s equestrian and menswear-inspired designs, Yves Saint Laurent’s revolutionary Le Smoking suit, Rad Hourani’s unisex collections, and Harry Styles’ public challenges to gender norms. The analysis demonstrates that these figures not only introduced alternative styles but also questioned deep-rooted cultural associations between clothing and gender. While Chanel and Saint Laurent pioneered women’s access to garments coded as masculine, Hourani advanced the idea of neutrality through non-sexist couture, and Harry Styles helped bring gender-fluid fashion into mainstream popular culture. The results highlight that fashion can serve as a medium of resistance against restrictive stereotypes and an arena for diversity and inclusion. The conclusion emphasizes that although gender stereotypes persist, the increasing visibility of unisex and gender-neutral designs signals a continuing shift toward a more equitable and expressive fashion landscape.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition characterized by differences in communication, sensory processing, and behaviour. It makes social integration a pressing moral and policy priority worldwide. This paper examines the inclusion of individuals with ASD across three key domains: education, employment, and community life. It also considers the role of policy and resource allocation in shaping outcomes. Employing a secondary analysis of existing data, the study synthesizes findings from peer-reviewed articles, government reports, and advocacy publications produced over the past fifteen years to provide a comprehensive overview of barriers, best practices, and systemic reforms. The analysis reveals that inclusive education models, workplace initiatives such as SAP’s Autism at Work, and community-based programs significantly enhance opportunities for participation, but their effectiveness is unevenly distributed. Structural inequalities, resource scarcity, and cultural stigma continue to limit access, particularly in low- and middle-income contexts. The study concludes that sustainable inclusion requires more than legislative mandates: it demands systemic change through teacher training, employer engagement, sensory-friendly environments, stronger policy enforcement, and participatory, cross-cultural research. Ultimately, advancing neurodiversity requires coordinated action across sectors to dismantle barriers and foster equitable opportunities for individuals with ASD.