This paper focuses on the developmental changes in the language of drawing brought about by the invention of the camera. Therefore, this paper takes the time of camera invention as the node. First, we will analyze the common features of the painting language of the famous painting schools before this point in time and the common features of the painting language of the famous painting schools after this point in time. Then we will compare and analyze them to explore the development and evolution of the painting language. Current research on painting before and after the invention of the camera is mostly focused on aesthetic approaches, art criticism, and its influence on popular culture. It adds to the gap in research on the language of painting and provides some insights into the creation and development of today's photography and painting.

China has experienced rapid economic development in the past few years and has become an upper-middle-income country. Becoming a high-income country is a difficult process. All middle-income countries should avoid falling into or overcome the middle-income trap. However, China inevitably fell into the middle-income trap. This work focuses on the methods of overcoming the middle-income trap in China. This work compares China and other countries that are facing or faced the same problem that China has met. Then, see if China can emulate other countries’ solutions. The conclusion drawn from the work is that China needs to implement policies to overcome the middle-income trap, like enhanced technology introduction and financial support for emerging technology industries, increasing the minimum wage, etc. This work points out and analyzes some of the problems facing China today and lists some practical solutions or policies that could be feasible to help China become a high-income country.

In his article "What is Enlightenment", Foucault once said, "By explaining it this way, people can discover a starting point for analysis, which is to describe people's so-called attitudes towards modernity.". The Enlightenment legitimized human rights, and with the Enlightenment as the boundary, humanity entered a stage of modernity. Modern human rights ideology was initially established, and Western social life underwent earth-shaking changes. It also impacted China as far away as the East, as the ideas of the Enlightenment formed the cornerstone of modern society and established the embryonic form of modern society. Although China has been affected by this, due to the lack of philosophical education, people only have a vague understanding of concepts such as human rights, democracy, freedom, and so on, without a profound understanding, which has led to some social problems in China being particularly prominent compared to the West. This article explores the issue of legalization in the Enlightenment by analyzing the ideological context before and after the Enlightenment, focusing specifically on human rights. It also attempts to categorize the concept of power during the Enlightenment period and explore several types of power in human society, discussing the impact of the Enlightenment from the above points. Afterward, this article attempts to analyze the impact of the Enlightenment on Western society, using the presence or absence of the Enlightenment as a variable. As a comparison, it analyzes some social problems in China caused by the lack of popularization of knowledge and philosophical education related to the Enlightenment.

Divination, as an important component of Chinese philosophy, plays an important role in reflecting the complex historical background in history and folklore. Especially in the Dunhuang region, which has experience in cross-cultural communication, the divination books unearthed from it have high reference value for understanding the complex historical background of Dunhuang at that time. This article selects the Dunhuang Birdsong Divination Book IOLTibJ747 as the research object, and through text analysis and historical analysis, re-examines the living conditions of the Dunhuang people during the Tibetan rule and the influence reflected by cross-cultural experiences. On the one hand, this article believes that IOLTibJ747 has a multilingual nature and integrates folk tales born in various cultural backgrounds, as well as the cross-cultural experience of the Dunhuang region during Tibetan rule in terms of bird species selection. On the other hand, this article believes that IOLTibJ747's emphasis on the spatiotemporal coordinates of divination and the selection of divination themes both point to the historical fact that war was the main topic of people's life in the Dunhuang region during the Tibetan rule. This article has certain reference value for exploring academic approaches to cross-cultural research, international relations research, and social history research through Zi Xue academic literature.

It is already common sense that the Enlightenment has brought huge improvement to human society both ideologically and physically and numerous scholars have discussed it before. However, the main aim of this article is to discover the real contributions of the Enlightenment and explore its limitations to our modern life. Think about what can be learned from the Enlightenment and what needs to be avoided in future political movements. The article will discuss the ‘lasting legacies’ of Enlightenment in three aspects: Arts, Economics, and Women's Rights and then focus on the negative sides of Enlightenment at the end. This essay may not cover all the political philosophers during the Enlightenment, so there are some limitations to the conclusions. Moreover, since political movements have developed differently in different eras, some of these conclusions may not apply to today’s society, but it can provide some references for scholars to study.

East Asia, a region that includes China, Japan, Korea, and Taiwan, is home to a diverse mosaic of cultural practices, traditions, and philosophies that have developed over millennia. This paper examines the profound impact of East Asian culture on the personality traits of its inhabitants, concentrating on the region's emphasis on interdependence. The research investigates how ancient philosophies such as Confucianism and cultural norms anchored in collectivism influence individual behaviors, cognitive processes, and interpersonal interactions. The paper explores the contrast between East Asian interdependence and Western individualism in greater detail, emphasizing the nuances of high-context communication, holistic thinking, and adaptability prevalent in East Asian societies. Through a comprehensive analysis, the study highlights the significance of understanding cultural complexities in our increasingly globalized world, highlighting the central role East Asian cultural traits play in molding individual personalities and behaviors. This exploration provides valuable insights for academicians, policymakers, and anyone seeking a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between culture and personality in East Asia.

Luxury goods continue to captivate the aspirations of today's youth, with each brand boasting a distinctive history and unparalleled style. Dior, a renowned luxury brand with nearly a century of heritage, stands as an iconic example. While the name Dior is synonymous with fashion, the profound reasons behind its enduring status as a high-end luxury brand remain relatively unexplored. This article delves into the three enigmatic secrets of Dior's success, a source of inspiration for those who aspire to make their mark on the fashion world, and for anyone who appreciates the art and craftsmanship of luxury brands. First, central to Dior's triumph is its lineage of visionary creators. Christian Dior, the brand's illustrious founder, And other creative luminaries like Marc Bohan, Gianfranco Ferre, and John Galliano's innovations ensured Dior's perpetual allure and global influence. Secondly, Dior's ascendancy owes much to shrewd marketing and branding strategies. And finally,superlative craftsmanship is the cornerstone of Dior's enduring success. The commitment to detail, perfection, ensures Dior's reputation for unparalleled quality. The brand's enduring allure serves as a testament to the enduring values of hard work, innovation, and a genuine passion for the craft. Just as Dior's legacy continues, so can individuals and brands thrive by staying grounded, working diligently, and nurturing a deep love for their art.

This study delves into the intricate relationship between the French Revolution and the Reform Act of 1832, exploring how revolutionary ideals of liberty and equality, evolving class dynamics, and shifting socio-political contexts shaped political reform in early 19th-century Britain. The passage focuses on two main questions. Firstly, on an ideological level, how did the shock of the French Revolution impact the attitudes of various political powers in the UK towards democratic reforms? Secondly, how did the French Revolution influence the attitudes of different social classes in the UK? By examining the attitudes of different social classes, contentious debates over voting procedures, and various forces for change, this research illuminates the multifaceted impact of the French Revolution on Britain's path to reform.

This paper focused on understanding the lack of intangible cultural heritage in heritage tourism attractions in Shanghai. There was already past literature illustrated the significance of intangible cultural heritage and the problem of not giving enough attention to those heritages. This research, different from past literatures, aimed to understand this problem on a smaller scale. The research is based on Shanghai, China, specifically. The case study on Tianzifang was made aiming to reveal defects in the scenic spot.A survey will then be released to investigate Shanghainese. This survey could directly understand which heritage site and element respondents mainly values. Indirectly the survey also implied the amount of attention respondents pay to intangible cultural heritage. This paper is not committed to providing tourists with the “best” plan to travel to Shanghai. Instead, based on Shanghai, this paper attempted to sort out hidden problems in Shanghai heritage tourism attractions. At last, this paper will propose an imagination of tourism attraction that provides more substantial cultural experiences to tourists to vigorously promote local heritage.

This study examines the dynamics of queer public space in Chengdu, a major Chinese city. Considering the availability of access to different queer public spaces in China, we focus on Chengdu's night venue, entertainment, and digital public space and investigate their significance in creating queer community and sense of belonging. Observation, interviews, case studies, and document review is used to explore the queer space in Chengdu and reveal the obstacles queer community face when constituting safe queer space under the relatively oppressive ideology of the country. Investigating the problems through the lens of multi-disciplines such as urban sociology and gender studies, we take a view of the queer public space itself from an urban planning perspective which examines its design rationality as pure space constitution and analyzes the driving force for such design in gender studies perspective which involves discussion of intersectionality and analysis of patriarchal society. The queer urban space serves a critical function for the queer community by gathering the scattered population and providing a safe space to express their identities. By investigating the contemporary queer public space in Chengdu and making comparisons with that in other countries, this study uncovers the struggle and efforts of the queer community to establish their safe public space in combat with the heteronormative society.