Crime film is an indispensable branch and an important part of the film genre. In the past decade, the female image in Chinese crime films has changed and achieved obvious breakthroughs. The single portrayal of female characters in crime movies has changed, and strong, independent, and even vicious female characters are created while the stereotype of "weak" is discarded. In addition, as an essential existence, these female characters assume the role of driving the plot forward and reversing its direction. This paper analyze the portrayal of female images in Chinese crime films shot or released in 2013 to 2023, and on the basis of analysis, explores and discovers the mode of transformation of female’s roles, shortcomings and future direction. Adopting the case studies and theoretical analysis, this paper analyzes different female characters in the movie, and discusses the type of contemporary female roles and the social meanings and connotations they imply. Moreover, it uses the comparative argumentation and historical analysis to compare female roles at home and abroad and different years, so as to achieve a revelation of the future female characterization in film.

The problem of refugee protection has existed in the international community for a long time, which is almost unavoidable for every member of the international community for its close relationship to national politics, economy, law, national security, diplomacy and so on. This paper mainly focuses on the current Israeli-Palestinian conflict to discuss the main sources of refugees and their governance dilemmas as well as attaches great importance to the protection and governance of refugees' rights and the possible improvement of international cooperation mechanisms. Responding to the refugee crisis requires greater cooperation at the regional and global levels. Finally, this paper puts forward some relevant thoughts. For example, advocating the creation of an independent Pakistan is the most effective approach. It is also important to promote peace processes such as negotiations and reconciliation, and to actively engage in international cooperation at the world level, with appropriate assistance from both States and international organizations. Hopefully, these measures can contribute to the international refugee problem through this own research.

In the last decade, research on Li Shangyin's poetry outside mainland China has notably shifted away from the traditional biographical interpretation method of "knowing the author’s life and analyzing the work." A select few of these papers critically scrutinize the historical facts associated with Li Shangyin, unveiling fallacies in past biographical narratives and challenging the veracity of certain deeds. The majority of recent articles take a departure from the biographical approach, choosing instead to delve directly into the imagery, poetic artistic conception, and writing skills inherent in the text. These article provide in-depth analysis of the meaning and use of language, vocabulary and literary allusion. In some of them, emphasis is placed on the emotional and aesthetic value of Li Shangyin's poetry, with some scholars even regarding its "incomprehensibility" as an achievement rather than a shortcoming. In general, "what does the text of poetry express" has become an more and more important question.

PUBG is a video game that was created in South Korea. Following its release, the book gained significant popularity in East Asia and was subsequently acquired by China's Tencent Game Company. Subsequently, it underwent revisions and transformed into the Chinese iteration of PUBG, renowned as "Peace Elite". FORTNITE originated in North Carolina, USA, and has gained immense popularity across the United States. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of 100-player competitive games in East Asia and the United States. The study will utilize game interaction comparison, game design comparison, and game experience comparison to identify the strengths and weaknesses of each region. The study's findings indicate that PUBG's earlier publication has resulted in a more thorough and realistic system and game settings. The cartoonish aesthetics and futuristic elements of FORTNITE have garnered significant appeal among a large number of young players.

Spatial intelligence is traditionally conceptualized within the IQ framework as innate and unaffected by experiential factors; it encompasses two primary faculties: abstract reasoning and spatial rotational ability. Contemporary evidence challenges this notion, positing that language, an acquired experiential factor, coherently and systematically augments these two capabilities. Specifically, language encoding and verbalization shift abstract reasoning from a primarily habitual process to a state that is distinctly more abstract and analytical. In parallel, relational language descriptors (e.g., “above”, “below”) aid in transitioning spatial rotational ability from a primarily imaginative domain to an abstract, analytical one. While previous studies have shown language’s influence on discrete faculties in spatial intelligence separately, a comprehensive understanding of its systematic enhancement remains elusive. This paper attempts to bridge this gap, proposing that IQ determinants are not innate. Moreover, this paper shows that language uniformly and methodically enhances all facets of spatial intelligence through the same medium (transformation to an abstract-analytical task space) and that this task space proves more productive than its imaginative or habitual counterparts.

In recent years, although intangible cultural heritage has received national attention, the preservation and inheritance of intangible cultural heritage still pose certain difficulties. Lvju, as a regional form of intangible cultural heritage, still requires attention from various sectors of society in terms of protection, inheritance, and promotion. This paper employs literature review, case analysis, and comparative methods to analyze and research the inheritance and development of Lvju in schools as a medium of dissemination. The analysis covers three aspects: the historical origin of Lvju, the current status of Lvju's dissemination and development on campus, and the utilization status of Lvju by the school where Lvju originated. The aim is to promote the protection, inheritance, and promotion of Lvju and to garner attention from various sectors of society towards Lvju.

This research paper critically examines the 1834 Poor Law Reform in Britain, a seminal event that is often heralded as a triumph of laissez-faire economics. The study delves into the historical context of the Old Poor Law system, established in 1601, which mandated legal support for individuals unable to sustain themselves. The paper scrutinizes the perceived problems of the Old Poor Law and the subsequent radical reforms introduced by the New Poor Law. It challenges the conventional narrative that the Poor Law Reform was a necessary corrective to an inefficient and market-distorting welfare system. Through a detailed analysis of the Poor Law Commission Report of 1834 and its criticisms, the paper reveals significant gaps in the arguments presented. The study also considers the impact of the Industrial Revolution, the Napoleonic Wars, and the gold standard restoration on the Old Poor Law system, arguing that these external factors played a crucial role in shaping the economic and social landscape of the time. This study offers insights into the complexities of policy marking and the interplay of economic theories and social needs. It underscores the enduring impact of historical decisions on contemporary economic and political dynamics and challenges the notion of post-WWII liberal order as a perpetuation of the laissez-faire myth.

Proficiency in second-language (L2) reading is an important skill essential in an increasingly globalized world. Previous research has often addressed disparate elements influencing L2 reading proficiency without aggregating them into a comprehensive framework. This paper seeks to fill this gap by systematically collecting and examining the various factors that impact the ability to read in a second language. The primary objective of this research is to compile an exhaustive list of factors affecting L2 reading and to analyze their respective influences. By categorizing these factors into external and internal dimensions, this study aims to provide a holistic view of the ecosystem within which L2 reading comprehension develops and operates. Employing a qualitative literature review methodology, this research meticulously synthesizes existing studies and theoretical perspectives on L2 reading. The factors influencing L2 reading proficiency are divided into two broad categories: external and internal. External factors encompass educational contexts, socioeconomic influences, the role of technological tools and digital literacy, as well as cultural and contextual elements, and the characteristics of reading materials. Internal factors are identified as cognitive processes, the effects of language transfer and interference, and the roles of motivation and attitude in L2 reading. Each factor is analyzed for its unique contribution and interplay with other elements within the L2 reading process.

With the rapid advancement of urbanization and the continuous growth of the economy in China, old urban areas face unprecedented challenges. Issues such as urban renewal, preservation of historical heritage, and relocation of residents have become crucial factors constraining sustainable urban development. Addressing these issues not only concerns the appearance and function of cities but also involves the inheritance of social and cultural values and the quality of life for urban residents. This article delves into the current status, challenges, and future directions of the transformation of China's old cities. Research indicates that while there have been some advancements in the revitalization of old cities in recent years, a series of complex and urgent challenges persist. In terms of historical heritage preservation, the main issues include inadequate policy safeguards, insufficient funding, and low societal participation. Urban renewal grapples with conflicts between historical preservation and development needs, balancing costs and benefits, and challenges related to resident relocation and social stability. Looking ahead, it is recommended to strengthen policy and regulations, diversify funding sources, and enhance societal participation. Regarding urban renewal, efforts should be made to strike a balance between preserving historical heritage and meeting development demands, emphasize cost-benefit evaluations, and formulate humane relocation policies. Future development directions encompass enhancing planning and design, promoting participation from social organizations and residents, fostering technological innovation and sustainable development, and strengthening oversight and evaluations.

Taking the excerpt of Lolita as the research corpus, this paper compares the differences between the manual translation and the machine translation, and finds that the machine translation system has some problems such as inaccuracy in semantic understanding and grammatical errors. In order to improve the quality of machine translation and promote cross-cultural communication and information flow,a classification system of translation errors is established and the errors in machine translation are summarized in detail. The proposed classification system will facilitate a comprehensive understanding of the limitations inherent in machine translation, enable an in-depth analysis of existing challenges, and serve as a valuable reference for enhancing the performance of machine translation systems, thereby elevating the quality and precision of automated translations.