Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a long-term mental illness characterized by constant unwanted thoughts and repeated actions that cause severe impact on daily life. This review explores OCD’s working memory deficits and their connection to abnormal brain activation, particularly in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), and prefrontal cortex (PFC). Neuroimaging and behavioral studies suggest that these deficits cause cognitive overload in OCD patients, impairing decision-making and problem-solving processes. Despite growing evidence of executive function impairments in OCD, research results remain inconsistent due to task design limitations and small, homogeneous samples. This review identifies limitations of current research, such as task design and sample selection, and suggests future improvements, including standardized, ecologically valid tasks and larger, more diverse samples. Some possible treatments will be mentioned, including cognitive remediation therapy (CRT) and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), which are feasible ways to address working memory deficits and improve living quality for OCD individuals.

This study investigates the evolution of public attitudes toward China in the post-COVID-19 pandemic period, specifically before and after the implementation of China’s Visa-Free Transit Policy. Therefore, this paper collected and analyzed 31,395 comments from the #China Travel and #ChinaVlog on YouTube, spanning from May 5, 2023, to the present, regarding the top ten most viewed videos. According to the indirect intergroup contact theory, topic modelling and sentiment analysis utilizing MDCOR and SENA permit the examination of the major topics and emotional attitudes expressed by individuals in their comments on #China Travel and #ChinaVlog videos across different periods. The results of this research suggested that individuals’ perceptions of China have experienced a significant positive shift after implementing the visa-free policy; however, negative topics and sentiments still endure. The knowledge generated in this study may assist in identifying the prevailing perceptions held by foreign netizens regarding China in the present era. Consequently, it also facilitates an evaluation of the impact of the Visa-Free Transit Policy.

This article focuses on the "tainted" images of women in autobiographical women's literature. The so-called "tainted" women are those whose behaviors and characters deviate from the general perception and moral requirements of women in traditional society. In this paper, I will choose Teresa, the heroine of Maraini's Memories of a Female Thief, who was forced by the “patriarchal” society to live on the streets and steal for a living. She was then transferred to all the Italian prisons with countless trials and tribulations, and finally released from prison after half of her lifetime wasted. Nonetheless, she still retained a pure heart and kind nature, embracing life with passion and hope, and resisted the cruelty she faced with resilience and strength. At the same time, I will choose Lin Zhuzhu, the heroine of Lin Bai's The Glass Bug as another object of my comparative study, who, seeking to establish new relationships between men and women, ventured alone into the studio during the golden age of cinema, entangled with four men and even had ambiguous relationships with women.

Nowadays, electronic games have broken free from being limited to a single entertainment attribute and have become an important cultural carrier, along with other cultural products, to showcase cultural identity and promote cross-cultural communication. However, due to the implementation of the DEI policy, DEI has gradually become the core criterion for game design and evaluation. For example, the incident of refusing a $4 million DEI guidance contract before the release of "Black Myth: Wukong" has sparked widespread discussion on various media platforms. The discussion mainly focuses on how to promote the development of political correctness and maintain a balance between creative freedom in the context of DEI. Based on this event, the study delves into how DEI affects industry practices and players' emotional attitudes. People find social media platforms convenient to share their experiences, attitude, and opinion. Social media provides a unique opportunity for individuals to discuss stigmatized topics. Thus, the research selects and extracts relevant comment data before and after the event from YouTube, and analyzes and compares it using case studies, online digital ethnography, mechanical learning, and other methods. The study found that players' emotional attitudes towards the game and DEI underwent complex changes before and after the event. For example, before the event, players mainly focused on discussing the mechanisms of the game itself, while afterwards, players mainly manifested their opposition to the negative interference of awakening culture on the free creation of commercial and cultural products, and so on. At the end of the article, it is emphasized that there is still room for discussion and improvement on how to better incorporate DEI elements in the field of electronic games.

There are both positive transfer and negative transfer in second language acquisition (SLA). The purpose of this paper is to explore the ways in which sharing features of L1 and L2 can contribute to L2 learning, while different features can negatively affect L2 learning. The listening test on coda/m/ was carried out on the Chinese language subjects of with-coda/m/ dialects and without-coda/m/ dialects. The results showed that: With-coda/m/ dialect speakers have no significant advantage over general coda/m/ perception over Without-coda/m/ dialect speakers. However, with-coda/m/ dialect speakers have significant advantage over the other group on certain vowel-coda/m/ sets that exist in their L1. This work provides some inspiration for English teaching, and also deepens the relevant theories of second language acquisition. In addition, for learners with specific speech disorders, this study helps to identify the source of the problem, provide data support for the field of speech pathology, and guide the design of more accurate intervention and treatment programs for speech disorders.

This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of Nike's "A Feel For Every You" campaign in the digital field, particularly how it establishes personal and emotional bonds with the target audience. This kind of connection is expected to increase brand awareness and deepen people's interest in Nike products and its concept of self-empowerment and physical positivity. This study employed a hybrid approach combining quantitative emotion analysis and qualitative thematic analysis to understand the movement's impact comprehensively. The analysis of YouTube comments shows that the event successfully stimulated positive emotions, such as motivation and satisfaction, while effectively conveying inclusive messages. The title of the event is appropriate because it resonates deeply with the target audience, strengthens emotional connections, increases brand awareness, and cultivates positive associations. Most online discussions revolve around the authenticity of this movement and its relevance to critical social issues such as diversity and inclusivity. In addition, the study also explored the interaction between personalized marketing and consumer attitudes and pointed out the activity's success in emotionally attracting audiences. Although some criticisms have been acknowledged, genuine brand representativeness is strongly recommended to be developed to minimize potential backlash. The study ultimately delved into how personalized marketing techniques affect consumer behaviour, providing recommendations for improving future marketing strategies.

This article examines public opinion on social media regarding transgender athlete Imane Khelif’s participation in women’s boxing at the 2024 Paris Olympics. By synthesizing existing literature and empirical research, the study identifies key factors that influence public opinion, such as exposure to trans narratives and ideological orientation. The software MDCOR (Media Data Collection and Organization Research) and SENA (Sentiment and Network Analysis) were used to analyze the collected data, from the perspective of relevant words of comments, audience sentiment analysis, and big data word cloud. The analysis reveals a complex situation, with clear divisions in public sentiment regarding the different aspects of transgender participation in sport. In addition, the political leanings of the media also have an impact on public opinion. The research aims to inform policy discussions and frameworks that respect the rights of all individuals, while considering wider implications for fairness and justice in competitive sport.

This review examines trends and patterns in research investigating relationships between sleep and language learning from a biopsychosocial perspective. Sleep deprivation, being prevalent among adolescents, impacts academic performance, cognitive development, and language skills. We have conducted this review using the method of a systematic literature review in order to understand any types of gaps that exist amongst current literature. While existing research focuses on toddlers, children, and adults, a significant gap exists in understanding its effects on adolescents. We screened an initial 242 articles, however there were only 43 left that were selected to meet the criteria, and we then categorized them by age, population characteristics, and levels of analysis. Findings show a disproportionate focus on younger age groups and individual-level analyses, with cultural contexts often neglected. Our review emphasizes the need for more adolescent-focused research and the inclusion of cultural analyses to better understand and address the diverse needs of students and learners.

The widespread popularity of online games has raised concerns about addiction, which can affect physical and mental health. This paper explores the problem of online game addiction from physiological and psychological perspectives, with special emphasis on changes in brain activity and cognitive patterns. From a physiological perspective, online games stimulate the brain's reward system, and addictive behaviors are associated with alterations in the dopamine pathway as well as changes in brain regions such as the prefrontal cortex and ventral striatum. From a psychological perspective, gaming addiction is influenced by the perceived value of rewards in gaming, maladaptive gaming behaviors, reliance on gaming for self-esteem, and the search for social approval. Treatments for online game addiction mainly include cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and pharmacological therapies (e.g., antidepressants), with the former helping to change maladaptive thoughts and behaviors. Future research should explore preventive measures from the perspective of game design, incorporate anti-addiction mechanisms, and strike a balance between entertainment and responsible gaming behavior.

A large number of studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of mindfulness- based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in the adjuvant treatment of depression, and the significant effect of MBCT in inhibiting the recurrence of depression, most of these studies are randomized controlled trials. These studies compared a group of MBCT combined with conventional treatment and conventional treatment to ensure the accuracy of the experimental results. We can see that in the adjuvant treatment of patients with MBCT, those who are more receptive and open-minded to this therapy are more likely to benefit from it. Even if the patient does not accept it initially, changes in the patient's attitude during treatment can allow the treatment to work. If we can guide patients in this way, The treatment of MBCT may achieve a better effect, and further research in the future may enable RCT to play a role alone in the treatment of patients with depression, enabling RCT to replace drug treatment.